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The Rules of Buying Austrian Real Estate

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It is almost impossible to buy property in Austria without having a residence permit. The exceptions are to open a company in the country or hope that the local authorities will approve the relevant application, considering you reliable enough. One way or another, the maintenance of real estate in Austria costs a lot. How much will taxes cost, what income can you expect while living in Austria, and what obligations arise for the owner of Austrian real estate? Read our article.

Features of buying real estate in Austria

It is not possible to obtain an Austrian residence permit based on the purchase of real estate. The procedure is reversed: if you are not a citizen of one of the EU countries, you need to get a residence permit first. Only then you have the right to buy a house. Moreover, you can buy only one property for your own stay, there is no question of commercial premises or a second rental house for individuals.

Austria has several immigration programs, including an investment-based residence permit and a residence permit for financially independent individuals. In both cases, the successful applicant becomes a tax resident of the country and gets the right to buy real estate.

What should non-residents do?

  1. Get special permission from the authorities. At the same time, a number of conditions must be met. In general, it is required to have a permanent residence in Austria for at least three years, to have a long-term rental housing and registration at the address of residence. But each land has its own characteristics and rules. For example, in the city of Graz (the federal state of Styria), you do not need to get a permit at all. In Vienna, you can also avoid this procedure if one of the spouses has Austrian citizenship.
  2. Purchase real estate through a company. In this case, you have the right to buy both commercial and residential premises for rent or resale. The commercial organization must have the main place of registration and activity, as well as the main office in Austria and deduct taxes in this country. If the company is registered in one of the EEA countries, it is also possible to buy Austrian property through it, but only after obtaining the appropriate permission.

Buying a home in Austria is suitable for people who plan to closely associate their subsequent life and commercial activities with the country.

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Property taxes

The tax on the ownership of land and properties located on it (Grundsteuer) is transferred to the account of the local municipality. The rate is calculated based on the cost of the plot and the type of property. This tax is paid not only by the owner, but also by the co-owners. If the property is rented out, the accrued amount is usually divided equally between the owner and the tenant and is included in utility bills.

Bids. The starting point for calculating the property tax is the cadastral value of the property (Einheitswert), which is determined by the tax inspectorate. Often, the cadastral value is significantly lower than the market value, since its determination does not take into account currency fluctuations, seasonal price hikes and other temporary factors. But even knowing this amount and the exact rate of the municipality is not enough to calculate the tax: in addition, other variables are involved in the formula, such as the type and nature of the use of the object, as well as the share of the territory allocated for construction.

In general, the rates vary as follows.

1. For your own home

  • For the first €3,650 – 0.5%
  • For the next €7,300 – 1,0%
  • For the remaining amount – 2.0%

2. For mixed-use properties and rental housing

  • For the first €3,650 – 1,0%
  • For the next €3,650 – 1.5%
  • For the remaining amount – 2.0%

3. For industrial and agricultural facilities

  • For the first €3,650 – 1.6%
  • For the remaining amount – 2.0%

4. For other types of property

  • For the first €3,650 – 1%
  • For the remaining amount – 2%

Note that each land applies its own municipal coefficient, which can reach 500%. For example, this option is in Salzburg: after calculating the tax in accordance with the original data, the resulting amount should be multiplied by 500.

Knowing the cadastral value of real estate, the rates and the increasing coefficient, you can independently calculate the amount of tax and compare it with the specified tax office. If the difference is too large, you have the right to contact the inspection for recalculation.

For apartments, the amount of tax is much less than for houses, since the land on which the complex stands is equally divided among all owners. In this case, the rate of about 0.2% is applied, and the amount of tax is included in small parts in utility bills.

When and how to pay. The amount due is calculated at the beginning of the year and is usually payable in four stages with deadlines of February 15, May 15, August 14 and November 15. However, if the amount is less than €75, you need to pay it in one payment to the municipality's account by May 15.

When you don't have to pay. Usually, government facilities are exempt from the tax: ministries and departments, churches, charitable organizations, sports associations, schools, kindergartens, etc. In some federal states, there are temporary tax incentives for new buildings, for the construction of which state subsidies have been allocated.

Also read: Austrian Residence Permit

Sale of real estate

Market trends. Despite the pandemic, property prices and demand are steadily rising. Since 2013, the number of affordable apartments in Vienna has been reduced by half. And over the past ten years, housing prices in Salzburg have soared by 110%.

Taxes. Capital gains tax must be paid by anyone who sells a property in Austria purchased after 2002. The tax is paid on the difference between the purchase price and the sale price. The rate for individuals is fixed and it's 30%. If the property was purchased before 2002, the rate is 4.2%.

The amount of the tax base can be reduced, if the owner proves the cost of repairs and redevelopment. Maintenance is not taken into account.

There are a few cases where capital gains tax does not need to be paid.

  • If the selling property is the main place of residence of the owner, and the area of the object does not exceed 1 thousand square meters. In this case, the owner must live in the house or apartment for at least two consecutive years or at least five years in total for the last ten years.
  • If the owner first bought the land and then built a house on it. In this case, the tax is levied only on the land, provided that the owner lived in the house permanently.
  • If the property is inherited or used as a donation, there is no capital gains tax to pay, only a tax on the transfer of property rights. In this case, the rate is 2% for relatives and 3.5% for outsiders.

When and how to pay. After the transaction is concluded, the former owner must send the profit data to the notary, so that he will pass it to the tax inspectorate. The declaration must be submitted no later than the 15th day of the month following the month of the transaction. On the basis of the declaration, the tax office sends a notification, after which it is necessary to transfer the amount of tax to the department's account within a maximum of a month.

Additional expenses. All transaction costs are borne by the buyer. In addition to the tax on the transfer of real estate, the new owner pays a fee for registration in the Land Cadastre (1.1%), pays for the services of a real estate agency (3-4% of the transaction amount) and a lawyer (1-2%).

Quoting conditions of Prian.info materials

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